准备环境

本文所有使用的文件：

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1vtDxA6K2BYT8fZYi8CiuQw
提取码：sgfw

角色 IP 组件
master1 192.168.1.120 kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler、kubelet、kube-proxy、docker、etcd、nginx、keepalived
master2 192.168.1.123 kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler、kubelet、kube-proxy、docker、nginx、keepalived
node1 192.168.1.121 kubelet、kube-proxy、docker、etcd
node2 192.168.1.122 kubelet、kube-proxy、docker、etcd
负载均衡器 192.168.1.124
192.168.1.100（虚拟vip）

初始化配置（master1、master2、node1、node2）

# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
# 关闭selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config #永久
setenforce 0 #临时
# 关闭swap
swapoff -a #临时
# 设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname>
# 添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF 
192.168.1.120 master1
192.168.1.121 node1
192.168.1.122 node2
192.168.1.123 master2
EOF
# 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF 
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 
EOF
sysctl --system #生效配置
# 修改时区并同步时间
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com

部署Etcd集群（master1、node1、node2）

准备cfssl证书工具（master1）

mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl

生成Etcd证书（master1）

自签CA证书

创建证书目录：

mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
cd ~/TLS/etcd

自签CA：

cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

生成证书：

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca

使用CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书

创建证书申请文件：

cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "192.168.1.120",
    "192.168.1.121",
    "192.168.1.122"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

生成证书：

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

部署Etcd集群（master1、node1、node2）

以下操作均在master1上执行，后面将配置拷到node1、node2

创建目录并解压二进制包

tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/

创建etcd配置文件

cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
# 节点名称
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
# 数据目录
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
# 集群通信监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.120:2380"
# 客户端访问监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.120:2379"

#[Clustering]
# 集群通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.120:2380"
# 客户端通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.120:2379"
# 集群节点地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.1.120:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.1.121:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.1.122:2380"
# 集群token
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
# 加入集群的当前状态，new表示新集群，existing表示加入已有集群
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

systemd管理etcd

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

拷贝证书到相应目录

cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/

将master1所有文件拷贝到node1、node2

scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@node1:/opt
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@node1:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@node2:/opt
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@node2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

修改node1、node2上的etcd.conf配置文件中的相关配置

#[Member]
# 节点名称
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1" #修改此处节点名称 node1改为etcd-2 node2改为etcd-3
# 数据目录
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
# 集群通信监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.120:2380" #修改此处为当前服务器地址
# 客户端访问监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.120:2379" #修改此处为当前服务器地址

#[Clustering]
# 集群通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.120:2380" #修改此处为当前服务器地址
# 客户端通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.120:2379" #修改此处为当前服务器地址
# 集群节点地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.1.120:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.1.121:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.1.122:2380"
# 集群token
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
# 加入集群的当前状态，new表示新集群，existing表示加入已有集群
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

启动并设置开机自启

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd

查看集群状态

ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.1.120:2379,https://192.168.1.121:2379,https://192.168.1.122:2379" endpoint health --write-out=table

安装docker（master1、master2、node1、node2）

yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install docker-ce -y
curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://bc437cce.m.daocloud.io
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker

部署master1（master1）

生成kube-apiserver证书

自签CA证书

进入工作目录：

cd ~/TLS/k8s

创建申请文件：

cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

生成证书：

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

使用CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书

创建证书申请文件：

hosts字段配置所有机器IP，包括虚拟vip，可以再预留多个IP，方便后期扩容

cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.1.120",
      "192.168.1.121",
      "192.168.1.122",
      "192.168.1.123",
      "192.168.1.124",
      "192.168.1.100",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

生成证书：

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

解压二进制包

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/

部署kube-apiserver

创建配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.120:2379,https://192.168.1.121:2379,https://192.168.1.122:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.1.120 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.1.120 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--service-account-issuer=api \\
--service-account-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--proxy-client-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--proxy-client-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \\
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \\
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \\
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \\
--enable-aggregator-routing=true \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF

• –logtostderr：启用日志

• —v：日志等级

• –log-dir：日志目录

• –etcd-servers：etcd集群地址

• –bind-address：监听地址

• –secure-port：https安全端口

• –advertise-address：集群通告地址

• –allow-privileged：启用授权

• –service-cluster-ip-range：Service虚拟IP地址段

• –enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模块

• –authorization-mode：认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理

• –enable-bootstrap-token-auth：启用TLS bootstrap机制

• –token-auth-file：bootstrap token文件

• –service-node-port-range：Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围

• –kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书

• –tls-xxx-file：apiserver https证书

• 1.20版本必须加的参数：–service-account-issuer，–service-account-signing-key-file

• –etcd-xxxfile：连接Etcd集群证书

• –audit-log-xxx：审计日志

• 启动聚合层相关配置：–requestheader-client-ca-file，–proxy-client-cert-file，–proxy-client-key-file，–requestheader-allowed-names，–requestheader-extra-headers-prefix，–requestheader-group-headers，–requestheader-username-headers，–enable-aggregator-routing

拷贝刚刚生成的证书到指定目录

cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

启动TLS Bootstrapping机制

生成token：

head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '

写入文件：

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
16e183444ad387caf9ad5f0fe6b83ea5,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF

systemd管理apiserver

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机自启

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver 
systemctl enable kube-apiserver

部署kube-controller-manager

创建配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF

• –kubeconfig：连接apiserver配置文件

• –leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）

• –cluster-signing-cert-file/–cluster-signing-key-file：自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA，与apiserver保持一致

生成kubeconfig文件

切换工作目录：

cd ~/TLS/k8s

创建证书请求文件：

cat > kube-controller-manager-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing", 
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

生成证书：

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager

生成kubeconfig文件：

KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.120:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-controller-manager \
  --client-certificate=./kube-controller-manager.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-controller-manager-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-controller-manager \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

systemd管理controller-manager

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机自启

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

部署kube-scheduler

创建配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF

• –kubeconfig：连接apiserver配置文件

• –leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）

生成kubeconfig文件

切换工作目录：

cd ~/TLS/k8s

创建证书请求文件：

cat > kube-scheduler-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

生成证书：

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler

生成kubeconfig文件：

KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.120:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-scheduler \
  --client-certificate=./kube-scheduler.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-scheduler-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-scheduler \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

systemd管理scheduler

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler

查看集群状态

生成kubectl连接集群的证书：

cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

生成证书：

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin

生成kubeconfig文件：

mkdir /root/.kube
KUBE_CONFIG="/root/.kube/config"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.120:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials cluster-admin \
  --client-certificate=./admin.pem \
  --client-key=./admin-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=cluster-admin \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

通过kubectl查看集群状态：

kubectl get cs

授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书

kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

部署node（master1、node1、node2）

这里master1也作为worker节点，我们先只对master1操作，后面拷贝到node1和node2

创建工作目录和准备二进制文件

创建工作目录：

mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}

给master1、node1、node2准备二进制文件：

cd /usr/local/kubernetes/server/bin/
cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin
scp kubelet kube-proxy root@node1:/opt/kubernetes/bin
scp kubelet kube-proxy root@node2:/opt/kubernetes/bin

部署kubelet

创建配置文件

注意修改主机名

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=master1 \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF

• –hostname-override：显示名称，集群中唯一

• –network-plugin：启用CNI

• –kubeconfig：空路径，会自动生成，后面用于连接apiserver

• –bootstrap-kubeconfig：首次启动向apiserver申请证书

• –config：配置参数文件

• –cert-dir：kubelet证书生成目录

• –pod-infra-container-image：管理Pod网络容器的镜像

配置参数文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local 
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF

生成kubelet初次加入集群引导kubeconfig文件

KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.120:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="16e183444ad387caf9ad5f0fe6b83ea5" # 与token.csv里保持一致

# 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --token=${TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

systemd管理kubelet

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet

批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群

kubectl get csr
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-cpZHvIc7wzZb_6Vln-ab9WF2rovEBJRiUlIiARWTJ_g

部署kube-proxy

创建配置文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF

配置参数文件

cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: master1
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF

生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件

切换工作目录：

cd ~/TLS/k8s

创建证书请求文件：

cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

生成证书：

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

生成kubeconfig文件：

KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.1.120:6443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}

systemd管理kube-proxy

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动并设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy

部署网络组件

kubectl apply calico.yaml
kubectl get pods -n kube-system

授权apiserver访问kubelet

cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes/proxy
      - nodes/stats
      - nodes/log
      - nodes/spec
      - nodes/metrics
      - pods/log
    verbs:
      - "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: system:kube-apiserver
  namespace: ""
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
  - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
    kind: User
    name: kubernetes
EOF

kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml

新增node1和node2节点

拷贝master1上的文件到node1和node2节点：

scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@node1:/opt/
scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@node2:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@node1:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@node2:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@node1:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem root@node2:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

删除node1和node2的kubelet证书和kubeconfig文件：

rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*

修改主机名

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf

--hostname-override=node1

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml

hostnameOverride: node1

启动并设置开机自启

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet kube-proxy
systemctl enable kubelet kube-proxy

在Master上批准新Node kubelet证书申请

kubectl get csr
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-17xyMtSOCXukCJKwTxgf22j4UBbNB5Q6WtCBAV_BWbs
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-fxT7uV4zvIh1RJVQ7K6E-hLSS47GmBW5VBFBOrKzVRI

部署CoreDNS

kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml

新增master2（master2）

创建Etcd证书目录

mkdir -p /opt/etcd/ssl

拷贝文件（master1操作）

scp -r /opt/kubernetes root@master2:/opt
scp -r /opt/etcd/ssl root@master2:/opt/etcd
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube* root@master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp /usr/bin/kubectl  root@master2:/usr/bin
scp -r ~/.kube root@master2:~

删除证书文件

rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*

修改配置文件

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf

...
--bind-address=192.168.1.123 \
--advertise-address=192.168.1.123 \
...

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig

...
server: https://192.168.1.123:6443
...

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig

...
server: https://192.168.1.123:6443
...

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf

...
--hostname-override=master2
...

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml

...
hostnameOverride: master2
...

vim ~/.kube/config

...
server: https://192.168.1.123:6443
...

启动设置开机启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy

查看集群组件状态

kubectl get cs

批准kubelet证书申请

kubectl get csr
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-h5nTCqbICGiH_YYIsbuemNpA6PNyGy19hKdilgjkWkM
# 查看node
kubectl get node

部署Nginx+Keepalived高可用

安装nginx和keepalived

yum install epel-release -y
yum install nginx keepalived -y

Nginx配置文件（主备一样）

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

# 四层负载均衡，为两台Master apiserver组件提供负载均衡
stream {

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status $upstream_bytes_sent';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log  main;

    upstream k8s-apiserver {
       server 192.168.1.120:6443;   # Master1 APISERVER IP:PORT
       server 192.168.1.123:6443;   # Master2 APISERVER IP:PORT
    }

    server {
       listen 6443;
       proxy_pass k8s-apiserver;
    }
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    server {
        listen       80 default_server;
        server_name  _;

        location / {
        }
    }
}

Keepalived配置（Master）

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id NGINX_MASTER
}

vrrp_script check_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth1
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.1.100/24
    }
    track_script {
        check_nginx
    }
}

Keepalived配置（Backup）

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id NGINX_BACKUP
}

vrrp_script check_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth1
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    # 虚拟IP
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.1.100/24
    }
    track_script {
        check_nginx
    }
}

心跳检测脚本（主备都准备）

cat > /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh  << "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
count=$(ss -antp |grep 6443 |egrep -cv "grep|$$")

if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
    exit 1
else
    exit 0
fi
EOF
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh

启动并设置开机启动

systemctl start nginx keepalived
systemctl enable nginx keepalived

查看虚拟VIP是否生成

[root@nginx1 ~]# ip address
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:4d:77:d3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 84121sec preferred_lft 84121sec
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe4d:77d3/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:7e:84:7a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.124/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute eth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.1.100/24 scope global secondary eth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe7e:847a/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

测试虚拟VIP是否可以漂移

关闭Nginx Master，在Nginx Backup查看虚拟vip

[root@nginx2 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:4d:77:d3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 83903sec preferred_lft 83903sec
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe4d:77d3/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:a7:3b:77 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.125/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute eth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.1.100/24 scope global secondary eth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fea7:3b77/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

通过虚拟vip访问

curl -k https://192.168.1.100:6443/version

修改所有k8s node节点连接LoadBalance的VIP

之前我们所有node节点连接的apiserver都是单点的，现在需要改成通过连接VIP走nginx来访问apiserver

sed -i 's#192.168.1.120:6443#192.168.1.100:6443#' /opt/kubernetes/cfg/*
systemctl restart kubelet kube-proxy

最后检查节点状态

kubectl get node